This follows our report last year of a drop in life expectancy at some older ages between 20. women can expect to live for a further 21 years at age 65, 13 years at 75, 7 years at 85, and 3 years at 95.men can now expect to live for a further 19 years at age 65, 12 years at 75, 6 years at 85 and 3 years at 95.life expectancy by almost 2 years.According to PHE’s report on recent trends in life expectancy This article was updated in March 2021 to reflect that mass incarceration has shortened the overall U.S. As Professor Patterson points out, unlike many collateral consequences of incarceration, “death cannot be reversed”. Most importantly, we need to put less people behind bars. Either way, it’s important to address the appalling conditions of incarceration and the lack of opportunities and services for at-risk communities. Incarceration itself may be harmful enough to explain these effects, or it may be one of many adverse experiences putting vulnerable populations at risk. Time served has a direct correlation to years of life lost.Īlthough both studies suggest that incarceration affects life expectancy, neither study identifies the pathways by which this happens. In the parole cohort she studied, five years in prison increased the odds of death by 78% and reduced the expected life span at age 30 by 10 years. In her 2013 analysis of New York state parole data, Professor Evelyn Patterson identified a linear relationship between incarceration and life expectancy: for each year lived behind bars, a person can expect to lose two years off their life expectancy. This isn’t just problematic from a population health standpoint the reduced life expectancy resulting from incarceration impacts individuals, families, and communities on a personal level. The sheer magnitude of how many people are locked up shortens our entire nation’s life expectancy. Without so many people behind bars, he argues, the life expectancy at birth would have increased 51% more than it actually did from 1981 to 2007. life expectancy only increased 3.5 years over that time. But given the reality of mass incarceration, the U.S. life expectancy would have increased by more than five years – from 74.1 to 79.4 years – if not for mass incarceration. In comparison to other developed democracies, Wildeman finds that from 1981 to 2007, the U.S. falling behind on measures of population health, like life expectancy: mass incarceration. was 78.8 years, while most comparable nations (Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Italy, Japan, France, Germany, Canada, Australia, Austria) had life expectancies above 81 years.Ī 2016 study by Professor Christopher Wildeman offers us an explanation for the U.S. In 2014, the life expectancy at birth in the U.S. Nationally, there are so many people living behind bars that the average life expectancy for the total U.S. Two studies show that incarceration shortens life expectancy, at both the national and individual levels. New research expands the notions of collateral consequences beyond post-release barriers and discrimination. With over 2.3 million people locked up, mass incarceration has shortened the overall U.S. Incarceration shortens life expectancy Each year in prison takes 2 years off an individual's life expectancy.
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